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783 structures, one search away.

Every structure in AnatoMemory - 150 muscles, 37 bones, 84 nerves, 145 vessels, and the organs, glands, joints, ligaments and spaces - across 7 body regions. Filter by type or region, or type to search. All free.

Not sure how to work through them? How to memorize muscle origins and insertions shows how the five fields on a muscle card constrain one another, and the rest of the study guides take the same approach to the nerves.

783 results

Abdominal aorta

Main arterial trunk between the diaphragm and iliac bifurcation

Abdominal part of the ureter

A muscular conduit descending over psoas major

Abducens nerve (CN VI)

Motor nerve that turns the eye outward

Abducens nucleus

Couples the two eyes during horizontal gaze

Abductor digiti minimi (hand)

Moves the little finger away from the others

Abductor pollicis brevis

Lifts the thumb out of the plane of the palm

Abductor pollicis longus

Moves the thumb at its base

Accessory hemiazygos vein

A variable collector of left mid-thoracic intercostal veins

Accessory muscles of respiration

Muscles recruited according to breathing demand

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

Motor supply for head turning and shoulder support

Accessory pancreatic duct

A variable dorsal duct outlet at the minor papilla

Adductor brevis

Short adductor between two nerve divisions

Adductor longus

Superficial adductor at the femoral triangle

Adductor magnus

Broad hip adductor with a hamstring-like portion

Adductor pollicis

Brings the thumb inward for a firm pinch

Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary)

Glandular pituitary tissue controlled through portal blood

Adrenal (suprarenal) gland

Two endocrine tissues beside the upper kidney

Adrenal cortex

Steroid-producing layers outside the adrenal medulla

Adrenal medulla

Chromaffin cells linking sympathetic nerves to blood

Afferent arteriole

The regulated vascular inlet to a renal corpuscle

Alveolus

Microscopic air space at the gas-exchange surface

Ampulla of the uterine tube

The broad tubal segment where fertilization usually occurs

Amygdala

Links the significance of events to emotional responses

Anal canal

The continence-controlled outlet of the gut

Anconeus

Small helper at the back of the elbow

Ansa cervicalis

Cervical nerve loop supplying three strap muscles

Anterior cardiac veins

Right ventricular veins with direct atrial drainage

Anterior cerebral artery

Medial hemispheric and deep perforator supply

Anterior communicating artery

Anterior cross-connection with important small perforators

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)

Variable arterial supply around the lower lateral pons

Anterior interventricular artery (LAD)

The anterior descending branch of the left coronary system

Anterior scalene

First-rib elevator beside the brachial plexus

Anterior spinal artery

Longitudinal supply reinforced at selected spinal levels

Anterior tibial artery

Arterial route through the front of the leg to the foot

Anterior vagal trunk

Vagal fibers reaching the front of the abdominal esophagus

Aorta

The main arterial route from the left ventricle to the body

Aortic arch

The curved aortic segment supplying the head and upper limbs

Aortic hiatus

Posterior route beneath the median arcuate ligament

Aortic sinuses (of Valsalva)

The expanded root spaces beside the aortic cusps

Aortic valve

The valve at the left ventricular outlet

Arachnoid granulations

Arachnoid projections associated with CSF outflow

Arachnoid mater

Middle meningeal layer over the CSF-filled space

Arytenoid cartilage

Movable attachments at the back of the vocal folds

Arytenoid muscles (transverse and oblique)

Muscles linking the two arytenoid cartilages

Ascending (fourth) part of the duodenum

Duodenal ascent toward the mobile jejunum

Ascending aorta

The upward aortic route between the root and arch

Ascending colon

Right-sided colonic ascent toward the liver

Atlas (C1)

Ring-shaped first neck vertebra supporting the skull

Atrioventricular bundle (of His)

Electrical passage through the atrioventricular insulation

Atrioventricular nodal artery

A small coronary branch serving atrioventricular conduction tissue

Atrioventricular node

A controlled delay between atrial and ventricular activation

Auricles (atrial appendages)

Atrial appendages beside the great-vessel roots

Auriculotemporal nerve

V3 sensory pathway carrying fibers to the parotid

Axillary artery

Arterial passage through the armpit

Axillary lymph nodes

Lymph filtering stations around the armpit

Axillary nerve

Motor and sensory supply around the deltoid

Axis (C2)

Second neck vertebra providing the dens for head rotation

Azygos vein

The main right paravertebral venous channel

Bare area of the liver

An extraperitoneal interface with the diaphragm

Basilar artery

The central trunk of vertebrobasilar circulation

Biceps brachii

Turns the forearm palm-up and bends the elbow

Biceps femoris

Two-headed muscle along the outer posterior thigh

Body and pyloric antrum

Secretory reservoir and distal gastric mixer

Brachial artery

Arterial connection from shoulder to forearm

Brachial plexus

Network that redistributes upper-limb nerve fibers

Brachialis

Elbow flexion regardless of palm position

Brachiocephalic trunk

The usual common arterial stem for the right neck and arm

Brachiocephalic veins

The paired venous trunks joining upper-body drainage

Brachioradialis

Radial-supplied flexor on the outer forearm

Broad ligament

A peritoneal fold organizing the uterine adnexa

Broca's area

Frontal language region within a wider network

Bronchial arteries

Systemic vessels supporting the airways

Bronchioles

Small airways without supporting cartilage

Bronchopulmonary segment

Bronchovascular subdivision of a lung lobe

Bronchopulmonary segments of the left lung

Left-lung territories with common segment combinations

Bronchopulmonary segments of the right lung

Ten standard named right-lung territories

Buccinator

Keeps the cheek close to the teeth

Bulb of the penis

Expanded proximal spongiosum beneath the perineal membrane

Bulb of the vestibule

Paired erectile tissue beside the vaginal opening

Bulbospongiosus

A superficial perineal muscle acting on erectile tissue

Bulbourethral (Cowper's) gland

Small mucous glands above the perineal membrane

Bundle branches

Paired routes from the His bundle into the ventricles

Calcaneus

Large tarsal bone forming the heel beneath the talus

Calot's triangle

Gallbladder-neck landmarks with two historical definitions

Cardia of the stomach

Mucosal entry region around the gastroesophageal junction

Cardiac auscultation areas

Chest-wall regions for hearing transmitted cardiac sounds

Cardiac plexus

Autonomic and sensory routes entering the heart

Cardinal (transverse cervical) ligament

Paracervical connective tissue supporting the vaginal apex

Carina

Internal ridge between the main bronchial openings

Carotid sinus

An arterial stretch sensor for the baroreflex

Cauda equina

Descending nerve roots below the end of the spinal cord

Caudate and quadrate lobes

Surface lobes that map differently onto functional segments

Caudate nucleus

Curved striatal nucleus beside the lateral ventricle

Caval opening

Passage for the vena cava within tendon

Cavernous sinus

A parasellar venous network surrounding critical neurovascular structures

Cecum

Blind colonic pouch below the ileal opening

Celiac ganglion

Prevertebral sympathetic relay beside the celiac artery

Celiac plexus

Autonomic network around the upper abdominal aorta

Celiac trunk

Short aortic branch feeding the upper digestive arterial network

Central sulcus

Landmark between the frontal and parietal lobes

Central tendon of the diaphragm

Mobile fibrous center of the breathing diaphragm

Central zone of the prostate

Glandular tissue surrounding the ejaculatory ducts

Cerebellar peduncles

Input and output bundles linking cerebellum and brainstem

Cerebellum

Adjusts movement, balance and motor learning

Cerebral aqueduct

Midbrain channel connecting the third and fourth ventricles

Cerebrum

Cerebral hemispheres and their connected internal structures

Cervical lymph node levels

Anatomical regions used to describe cervical nodal disease

Cervical plexus

Upper cervical network for neck sensation and movement

Cervical transformation zone

The changing interface of cervical epithelial types

Cervix

The uterine neck surrounding the cervical canal

Chorda tympani

Facial nerve branch for anterior tongue taste and saliva

Chordae tendineae

Fibrous restraints for the atrioventricular leaflets

Choroid plexus

Ventricular secretory tissue forming the blood–CSF barrier

Ciliary ganglion

Orbital parasympathetic relay for pupil and lens control

Circle of Willis

A variable arterial network with collateral potential

Circumflex artery

The left coronary route around the atrioventricular groove

Cisterna chyli

Variable abdominal confluence of major lymph trunks

Cisterna magna

Large CSF cistern behind the lower brainstem

Clavicle

Bony support between chest and shoulder

Clitoris

A sensory and erectile complex with mostly internal parts

Coccygeus (ischiococcygeus)

The small muscular component behind levator ani

Collecting duct system

The final regulated route through cortex and medulla

Common bile duct

Final extrahepatic route from the liver and gallbladder

Common carotid artery

A paired conduit into internal and external carotid systems

Common fibular (peroneal) nerve

Sciatic branch vulnerable where it curves around the fibular neck

Common hepatic artery

Celiac branch connecting hepatic and gastroduodenal circulations

Common hepatic duct

Hepatic outflow above the cystic duct junction

Common iliac artery

Paired arterial links from the aorta to pelvis and lower limb

Common iliac lymph nodes

A major link from pelvic nodes to lumbar chains

Common iliac veins

Pelvic and limb outflow converging into the cava

Confluence of sinuses

A variable junction of posterior dural venous channels

Conus medullaris

Tapered end of the spinal cord containing its lowest segments

Coracobrachialis

Links the coracoid to the medial arm

Corniculate and cuneiform cartilages

Elastic supports along the laryngeal entrance

Coronary and triangular ligaments

Liver–diaphragm peritoneal attachments

Coronary sinus

A collecting channel for most cardiac venous blood

Corpus callosum

Communication between the cerebral hemispheres

Corpus cavernosum of the penis

Paired erectile compartments responsible for rigidity

Corpus luteum

The postovulatory source of progesterone

Corpus spongiosum

Erectile tissue surrounding the spongy urethra

Corticobulbar tract

Descending commands for head and neck movement

Costodiaphragmatic recess

Pleural extension below the resting lung edge

Costomediastinal recess

Anterior pleural interval beside the mediastinum

Costovertebral joints

Rib-to-spine joints that permit breathing movement

Couinaud segments

A portal-territory map of the liver

Cremaster muscle

Skeletal muscle loops that elevate the testis

Cricoarytenoid joint

A moving joint beneath each arytenoid

Cricoid cartilage

The complete cartilage ring below the vocal folds

Cricothyroid

Changes vocal-fold length from outside the laryngeal cavity

Cricothyroid joint

Allows the thyroid and cricoid cartilages to change angle

Cricothyroid ligament

Elastic support beneath the vocal ligaments

Crista terminalis

Right atrial ridge where pectinate muscles begin

Crura of the diaphragm

Lumbar anchors of the posterior diaphragm

Cystic artery

Variable arterial supply to the gallbladder

Cystic duct

Bidirectional connection to the gallbladder

Dartos muscle and fascia

Scrotal smooth muscle that changes skin tension

Deep cervical lymph nodes

Major collecting nodes beside the internal jugular vein

Deep femoral (profunda femoris) artery

Deep arterial network supplying much of the thigh

Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

Nerve for ankle dorsiflexion and the first dorsal toe web

Deep inguinal lymph nodes

Deep groin nodes linking limb and pelvic lymph pathways

Deep perineal pouch

The sphincter region superior to the perineal membrane

Deltoid

Shoulder cap with three directions of pull

Denticulate ligaments

Toothed pial attachments connecting the cord to spinal dura

Dentition

Primary and permanent teeth with different tooth classes

Dermatomes

Overlapping skin regions linked to spinal sensory roots

Descending (second) part of the duodenum

Duodenal segment beside the pancreatic head

Descending colon

Fixed left colonic segment approaching the sigmoid

Detrusor muscle

The bladder's distensible smooth-muscle wall

Diaphragm

Expands the chest by moving downward

Diaphragma sellae

Dura between the pituitary and suprasellar region

Digastric

Two bellies linking the jaw and hyoid

Distal convoluted tubule

A cortical segment for controlled electrolyte recovery

Dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway

Ascending pathway for precise touch and body-position awareness

Dorsal interossei (hand)

Spread the fingers around the middle-finger axis

Dorsal root ganglion

Cluster of primary sensory neuron cell bodies on a spinal root

Dorsalis pedis artery

Artery crossing the upper surface of the foot

Ductus deferens (vas deferens)

Muscular transport from epididymal tail to ejaculatory duct

Duodenum

Fixed proximal bowel receiving digestive secretions

Dura mater

Fibrous support around the central nervous system

Efferent arteriole

The glomerular outlet that feeds another capillary bed

Ejaculatory duct

The terminal shared route for sperm and seminal-vesicle fluid

Endometrium

A regenerating mucosa responsive to ovarian hormones

Enteric nervous system

Local sensory and motor circuits within the digestive tract

Epididymis

A coiled duct for sperm maturation and storage

Epiglottis

Elastic cartilage contributing to airway protection

Epiploic foramen

Peritoneal connection behind the portal pedicle

Erector spinae

Long intrinsic back muscle columns supporting upright posture

Esophageal constrictions

Usual narrowing sites along the swallowing passage

Esophageal hiatus

Muscular opening around the lower esophagus

Esophagus

Muscular passage from pharynx to stomach

Ethmoid bone

Thin partitions between the nose, orbits and cranium

Ethmoidal air cells

Small sinuses between the nasal cavity and orbit

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Short radial wrist extensor

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Long radial wrist extensor

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Wrist extension toward the ulna

Extensor digiti minimi

Additional little-finger extensor

Extensor digitorum

Extensor shared by four fingers

Extensor digitorum longus

Anterior leg muscle sending tendons to toes two through five

Extensor hallucis longus

Long extensor connecting the fibula to the great toe

Extensor indicis

Separate extension for the index finger

Extensor pollicis brevis

Straightens the thumb at the MCP joint

Extensor pollicis longus

Extensor of the thumb's terminal joint

External anal sphincter

Voluntary skeletal muscle surrounding the anal outlet

External carotid artery

Branches for the face, scalp, neck and cranial dura

External iliac artery

Main arterial route from the pelvis into the thigh

External iliac lymph nodes

Pelvic continuation of inguinal and anterior visceral drainage

External intercostals

Outer intercostal layer that helps lift the ribs

External oblique

Superficial sheet linking the ribs to the abdominal wall

External spermatic fascia

The cord sheath continuous with the superficial inguinal ring

External urethral sphincter

Striated muscle that supports urethral closure

Extradural (epidural) space

Different relationships in the skull and vertebral canal

Facial artery

A flexible, variably branching supply to the face

Facial canal

The bony course of the facial nerve

Facial motor nucleus

Pontine neurons that move the face

Facial nerve (CN VII)

One nerve serving expression, taste and secretion

Falciform ligament

Anterior hepatic peritoneal fold with an umbilical remnant

Falx cerebri

Dural partition in the longitudinal cerebral fissure

Female urethra

A short urinary outlet supported against the vagina

Femoral artery

Major arterial channel through the thigh toward the knee

Femoral nerve

Lumbar-plexus nerve supplying knee extension and anterior thigh sensation

Femoral vein

Deep venous return through the thigh

Femur

Long thigh bone carrying load between hip and knee

Fibrous pericardium

The connective-tissue sac surrounding the heart

Fibrous skeleton of the heart

Connective support and electrical separation around cardiac junctions

Fibula

Slender lateral leg bone contributing to ankle stability

Fibularis brevis

Shorter lateral leg muscle attaching to the fifth metatarsal

Fibularis longus

Lateral leg muscle whose tendon crosses beneath the foot

Fibularis tertius

Variable anterior-compartment muscle assisting foot eversion

Filum terminale

Slender connective attachment from the conus toward the coccyx

Flexor carpi radialis

Bends the wrist toward the thumb side

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Bends the wrist toward the little finger

Flexor digiti minimi brevis (hand)

Bends the little finger at its knuckle

Flexor digitorum longus

Long flexor reaching the tips of the four smaller toes

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor that reaches the fingertips

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor that stops at the middle phalanges

Flexor hallucis longus

Deep leg flexor carrying force to the great toe

Flexor pollicis brevis

Short thumb flexor with variable nerve supply

Flexor pollicis longus

Deep flexor of the thumb tip

Fornix

Hippocampal connections within the memory network

Fossa ovalis

Thin atrial depression left by a fetal passage

Fourth ventricle

Where ventricular CSF reaches the subarachnoid space

Frontal bone

Forehead, orbital roofs and anterior cranial floor

Frontal lobe

Planning actions and guiding behavior

Frontal sinus

Variable air spaces above the medial orbits

Fundus of the stomach

Proximal gastric reservoir beneath the left diaphragm

Gallbladder

Bile storage organ against the inferior liver

Gastro-omental arteries

Arterial routes along the greater curvature

Gastrocnemius

Two-headed calf muscle linking the knee and heel

Gastroduodenal artery

Artery behind the proximal duodenum

Gastrosplenic ligament

A vascular fold between the fundus and splenic hilum

Genioglossus

Fan-shaped muscle that advances the tongue

Genitofemoral nerve

Lumbar-plexus nerve with genital and upper-thigh branches

Glans penis

The distal expansion of the corpus spongiosum

Globus pallidus

Pallidal circuits help select and regulate movement

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Sensory, secretory and swallowing pathways of CN IX

Gluteus maximus

Large superficial muscle that drives hip extension

Gluteus medius

Broad lateral hip muscle supporting one-leg stance

Gluteus minimus

Deep gluteal muscle helping steady the hip joint

Gonadal arteries

Long aortic vessels retained as the gonads descend

Gracilis

Slender medial-thigh muscle reaching the tibia

Great cardiac vein

A major venous route from the anterior heart to the coronary sinus

Great cerebral vein (of Galen)

A short collecting trunk of deep cerebral drainage

Great saphenous vein

Long superficial vein along the inner lower limb

Greater curvature

Long convex gastric margin carrying omental attachments

Greater occipital nerve

A posterior-ramus route to the occipital scalp

Greater omentum

Mobile vascular and immune tissue over the bowel

Greater petrosal nerve

Facial-nerve fibers for tears and mucous secretion

Greater splanchnic nerve

Thoracic sympathetic fibers continuing to the upper abdomen

Greater vestibular (Bartholin's) gland

Paired mucous glands at the posterior vestibule

Hard palate

A rigid partition between mouth and nose

Head and uncinate process of the pancreas

Pancreatic tissue on both sides of mesenteric vessels

Heart

Connects the lung and body circulations

Hemiazygos vein

A lower left thoracic tributary of the azygos system

Hepatic lobule and acinus

Microscopic maps organized around blood and bile flow

Hepatic portal vein

Venous inflow connecting digestive organs to liver sinusoids

Hepatic veins

Liver outflow entering the inferior vena cava

Hepatoduodenal ligament

Portal pedicle in the free lesser-omental margin

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

Variable common outlet of bile and pancreatic ducts

Hepatorenal recess

Dependent right subhepatic peritoneal pocket

Hip bone (os coxae)

Fused ilium, ischium and pubis forming one side of the pelvis

Hippocampus

Binding experiences into lasting memories

Horizontal (third) part of the duodenum

Duodenal crossing beneath the mesenteric vessels

Horizontal fissure

Usual boundary between right superior and middle lobes

Humerus

Long bone linking shoulder and elbow

Hyoglossus

Hyoid-to-tongue muscle beside key oral structures

Hyoid bone

Suspended anchor for tongue and laryngeal movement

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

The main cranial motor pathway to the tongue

Hypoglossal nucleus

Medullary motor neurons for tongue movement

Hypophyseal portal system

Vessels carrying hypothalamic signals to the anterior pituitary

Hypothalamus

Coordinating internal state with behavior and hormones

Ileocecal junction

Small-to-large bowel transition with variable valve geometry

Ileocolic artery

Superior mesenteric branch serving the ileocecal region

Ileum

Distal mobile bowel with specialized absorptive and immune roles

Iliacus

Broad iliac-fossa partner of psoas major

Iliococcygeus

A thin lateral levator component contributing to the levator plate

Iliohypogastric nerve

L1 pathway to the suprapubic wall and lateral buttock

Ilioinguinal nerve

Groin sensory nerve accompanying part of the inguinal canal

Inferior alveolar nerve

A mandibular pathway that divides into dental and mental branches

Inferior gemellus

Lower muscle bordering the obturator internus tendon

Inferior gluteal nerve

Sacral-plexus motor route to gluteus maximus

Inferior mesenteric artery

Aortic supply to the distal colon and upper rectum

Inferior mesenteric vein

Hindgut venous channel with a variable portal-system junction

Inferior parathyroid gland

Calcium-regulating gland with a variable migration endpoint

Inferior phrenic arteries

Paired diaphragmatic arteries with variable origins

Inferior suprarenal artery

The usual renal-arterial contribution to the adrenal

Inferior thyroid artery

Thyrocervical branch with variable laryngeal nerve relations

Inferior vena cava

Main venous return from below the diaphragm

Infraspinatus

Posterior cuff muscle for outward rotation

Infundibulum (pituitary stalk)

Neural and vascular connection between hypothalamus and pituitary

Infundibulum and fimbriae

Fimbriae surrounding the tube's abdominal opening

Innermost intercostals

Intercostal fibers deep to the main nerve and vessels

Insula

Cortex concealed beneath the opercula

Interatrial septum

True partition and folds between the atrial chambers

Intercostal nerves

Segmental nerves supplying the chest and abdominal walls

Intercostal space

Muscle and neurovascular layers between ribs

Interlobar and arcuate arteries

Arteries traveling between the renal pyramids

Internal anal sphincter

An involuntary smooth-muscle contributor to closure

Internal capsule

A compact route between cortex and deeper structures

Internal carotid artery

A major source of cerebral and orbital blood flow

Internal iliac artery

Pelvic supply with branches beyond the pelvic cavity

Internal iliac lymph nodes

Lymphatic stations beside the internal iliac branches

Internal intercostals

Middle intercostal layer with region-dependent actions

Internal jugular vein

A principal outflow channel from the cranium and neck

Internal oblique

Abdominal layer with regionally changing fiber direction

Internal spermatic fascia

A transversalis-fascia extension around the spermatic cord

Internal thoracic artery

The parasternal artery of the anterior chest wall

Internal urethral sphincter

Autonomic smooth muscle at the bladder outlet

Interventricular septum

Contractile partition shared by both ventricles

Intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Interwoven fibers for precise tongue shape

Ischioanal fossa

Compressible tissue beside the anal sphincters

Ischiocavernosus

Muscle over each crus of the erectile bodies

Isthmus of the thyroid

Variable bridge of thyroid tissue across the upper trachea

Isthmus of the uterine tube

The narrow muscular segment beside the uterine wall

Jejunal and ileal arteries

Mesenteric branches forming small-bowel arterial loops

Jejunum

Proximal mobile bowel with prominent absorptive folds

Jejunum versus ileum

A gradual change in bowel and mesenteric architecture

Jugulodigastric (tonsillar) node

Prominent upper jugular node receiving tonsillar lymph

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

A local sensor linking tubular salt to vascular control

Kidney

A retroperitoneal organ for filtration and homeostasis

Kiesselbach's plexus

A common bleeding site in the anterior nasal septum

Laryngopharynx

The pharyngeal passage beside and behind the larynx

Larynx

A movable airway valve that produces the voice

Lateral corticospinal tract

Descending cortical pathway important for skilled limb movement

Lateral cricoarytenoid

Draws the vocal processes toward the midline

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Cutaneous nerve for the outer and front-outer thigh

Lateral pterygoid

Advances the mandibular condyle

Lateral sulcus

The cleft containing the Sylvian cistern

Lateral ventricles

CSF cavities shaped around deep cerebral structures

Latissimus dorsi

Broad back muscle that pulls on the upper arm

Left atrium

Posterior chamber receiving pulmonary venous return

Left colic (splenic) flexure

Colonic bend near the spleen and an arterial border zone

Left colic artery

Inferior mesenteric branch reaching the descending colon

Left coronary artery

The usual common stem of the left coronary branches

Left gastric artery

Celiac route to the cardia and lesser curvature

Left inferior lobe

Left lobe behind the heart and above the diaphragm

Left lobe of the liver

Surface left lobe versus the larger functional left liver

Left lung

Two-lobed lung sharing the chest with the heart

Left main bronchus

Main airway beneath the aortic arch

Left marginal (obtuse marginal) artery

Circumflex branches serving the lateral left ventricle

Left superior lobe

Upper left lobe including the lingula

Left suprarenal vein

The principal adrenal tributary of the left renal vein

Left ventricle

Systemic-pressure pump forming the cardiac apex

Lenticulostriate arteries

Penetrating vessels with variable deep cerebral territories

Lesser curvature

Concave gastric border facing the liver

Lesser omentum

Peritoneal connection from liver to stomach and duodenum

Lesser petrosal nerve

The otic-ganglion route for parotid secretion

Lesser sac (omental bursa)

Sliding peritoneal compartment behind the stomach

Levator ani

The muscular support surrounding the pelvic hiatus

Levator scapulae

Connects the upper neck to the shoulder blade

Levator veli palatini

Muscular sling that lifts the soft palate

Leydig (interstitial) cells

Interstitial steroidogenic cells of the testis

Ligament of the ovary

A short connection between ovary and uterus

Ligamentum arteriosum

The postnatal remnant of the fetal ductal connection

Ligamentum teres hepatis

Round ligament tracing the fetal umbilical venous route

Ligamentum venosum

Fibrous trace of the fetal hepatic shunt

Lingual nerve

General tongue sensation with accompanying facial-nerve fibers

Lingula

Two-segment projection of the left superior lobe

Liver

Metabolic organ receiving portal and arterial inflow

Lobar (secondary) bronchi

Airways assigned to individual lung lobes

Long thoracic nerve

Long surface route to serratus anterior

Loop of Henle

Tubular limbs with contrasting transport properties

Lower esophageal sphincter

Intrinsic smooth-muscle barrier supported by the crura

Lumbar arteries

Segmental aortic supply around the lumbar vertebrae

Lumbar cistern

Cerebrospinal fluid space surrounding the lower descending roots

Lumbar plexus

A nerve network embedded in the posterior part of psoas

Lumbricals (hand)

Coordinate a bent knuckle with straighter finger joints

Lunate

Central bone of the proximal wrist row

Lymph node

Organized immune tissue along a lymphatic route

Lymphatic drainage of the anal canal

Proximal pelvic routes and distal inguinal routes

Lymphatic drainage of the breast

A variable network linking breast tissue to regional nodes

Lymphatic drainage of the testis

Gonadal lymph follows the vessels into the retroperitoneum

Lymphatic drainage of the tongue

Overlapping routes with normal drainage to both sides

Lymphatic drainage of the uterus and ovary

Interconnected pelvic, lumbar and inguinal pathways

Main pancreatic duct

Longitudinal collecting route through the pancreas

Major duodenal papilla

Luminal landmark of the main biliopancreatic outlet

Male urethra

A shared outlet through prostate, perineum and penis

Mammillary bodies

Hypothalamic nodes in the episodic-memory circuit

Mandible

Movable lower jaw

Mandibular nerve (V3)

Trigeminal sensation together with first-arch motor supply

Marginal artery of Drummond

Peripheral arterial connections along the colonic mesentery

Masseter

Powerful jaw-closing muscle

Maxilla

Upper-jaw framework for teeth, palate and orbit

Maxillary nerve (V2)

The trigeminal route through the pterygopalatine fossa

Maxillary sinus

A large sinus between the orbit and upper teeth

Meckel's diverticulum

True ileal diverticulum from an embryonic gut connection

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

A link between eye and head movement pathways

Medial pterygoid

Inner partner of the jaw-closing sling

Median nerve

Major nerve for forearm flexor muscles and thumb control

Median sacral artery

Small posterior aortic branch over the sacrum

Median umbilical ligament

The midline urachal remnant above the bladder

Mediastinum

The central thoracic region between the pleural sacs

Medulla oblongata

Brainstem junction with the spinal cord

Membranous urethra

The sphincter-associated segment below the prostate

Mesenteric lymph nodes

Immune surveillance along intestinal vessels

Mesentery of the small intestine

Mobile small bowel suspended from an oblique attachment

Metacarpals

Numbered supports of the palm

Metatarsals

Five long bones connecting the tarsus with the toes

Midbrain

Eye movement and motor circuits above the pons

Middle cardiac vein

The venous channel in the inferior interventricular groove

Middle cerebral artery

A major arterial tree for the lateral hemisphere

Middle colic artery

Mesocolic artery serving much of the transverse colon

Middle meningeal artery

A skull-associated artery with extensive dural branches

Middle suprarenal artery

An aortic contribution to the adrenal vascular network

Mitral valve

A two-leaflet apparatus guarding the left atrioventricular opening

Moderator band

Right ventricular bridge carrying conduction tissue

Multifidus

Overlapping deep back muscle bundles linking nearby vertebrae

Musculocutaneous nerve

Arm motor supply that continues to forearm skin

Mylohyoid

Paired support beneath the tongue

Myometrium

Interlacing uterine muscle for growth and contraction

Nasal bone

Paired bony bridge above the nasal cartilages

Nasal cavity

Paired chambers for breathing and smell

Nasal conchae

Bony shelves covered by vascular nasal mucosa

Nasopharynx

Pharyngeal airway behind the nose

Nephron

A filtering corpuscle connected to a selective tubule

Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)

Hypothalamic axons releasing vasopressin and oxytocin

Nucleus ambiguus

Medullary output for swallowing, voice and cardiac control

Nucleus of the solitary tract

Medullary processing of taste and internal-body signals

Oblique fissure

Sloping pleural boundary beside the inferior lobe

Oblique pericardial sinus

A blind recess behind the left atrium

Obturator externus

Deep hip rotator arising outside the obturator membrane

Obturator internus

Pelvic-wall muscle with a tendon turning toward the hip

Obturator nerve

Lumbar-plexus nerve serving most thigh adductors

Occipital bone

Posterior skull base around the foramen magnum

Occipital lobe

Cerebral cortex specialized for vision

Occipitofrontalis

Moves the scalp and lifts the brows

Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Motor and parasympathetic pathways to the eye

Oculomotor nucleus and Edinger-Westphal nucleus

Midbrain neurons controlling eye muscles and parasympathetic output

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

Receptor axons connecting the nose to the olfactory bulb

Omohyoid

Two-bellied connection from scapula to hyoid

Ophthalmic artery

Orbital circulation linked to both carotid systems

Ophthalmic nerve (V1)

Trigeminal sensation from the eye and upper face

Opponens digiti minimi

Turns the fifth metacarpal to cup the palm

Opponens pollicis

Turns the thumb pad toward the fingertips

Optic chiasm

Partial crossing of the visual pathways

Optic nerve (CN II)

Retinal output carried toward the brain

Oral cavity

A food-processing chamber with an outer vestibule

Orbicularis oculi

Protective muscle for eyelid closure

Orbicularis oris

Shapes and seals the lips

Oropharynx

The pharyngeal passage behind the oral cavity

Osteomeatal complex

Linked drainage pathways around the middle meatus

Otic ganglion

A parasympathetic station on the parotid pathway

Ovarian artery

An aortic supply carried in the ovarian suspensory ligament

Ovarian follicle

The oocyte and its hormone-producing support cells

Ovarian vein

Ovarian drainage joins different veins on each side

Ovary

A mobile pelvic gonad containing follicles and endocrine tissue

Palatine tonsil

Crypt-bearing lymphoid tissue in the lateral oropharynx

Palatoglossus

Links the soft palate to the tongue

Palmar interossei

Draw the fingers back toward the middle-finger axis

Palmaris longus

Variable tendon to the palmar fascia

Pampiniform plexus

Testicular venous return intertwined with the artery

Pancreas

Digestive gland with endocrine islands behind the stomach

Pancreatic alpha cell

An islet cell that signals hepatic glucose release

Pancreatic beta cell

The endocrine cell that releases insulin with C-peptide

Pancreatic delta cell

A local somatostatin regulator within the islet

Pancreatic islets (of Langerhans)

Vascular endocrine clusters within the pancreas

Pancreaticoduodenal arteries

Shared arterial arcades around pancreatic head and duodenum

Papillary muscles

Ventricular muscles that maintain chordal support

Para-aortic (lumbar) lymph nodes

Lumbar lymph nodes around the great abdominal vessels

Paracolic gutters

Lateral peritoneal routes beside the colon

Parasternal (internal mammary) nodes

Lymph nodes following the vessels beside the sternum

Paraumbilical veins

Portal connections reaching the umbilical abdominal wall

Paraurethral (Skene's) glands

Secretory glands near the distal female urethra

Parietal bone

Curved plates protecting the upper and lateral brain

Parietal lobe

Somatic sensation integrated with spatial and learned tasks

Parietal pleura

Pleural lining attached to the thoracic boundary

Parotid gland

Serous salivary tissue around the facial nerve branches

Patella

Sesamoid kneecap improving the quadriceps' mechanical advantage

Pectinate (dentate) line

A regional landmark formed by the anal valves

Pectinate muscles

Ridged atrial muscle concentrated in the appendages

Pectineus

Short muscle bridging pubis and upper femur

Pectoralis major

Large chest muscle for bringing the arm inward

Pectoralis minor

Pulls the scapula toward the front of the chest

Pelvic part of the ureter

The sidewall-to-bladder portion of the urinary conduit

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

Parasympathetic fibers from the second to fourth sacral segments

Penis

Coordinated erectile tissue, sensation and urethral transport

Pericardial cavity

The thin fluid-containing space between serous surfaces

Pericervical lymph node ring

Regional nodal groups around the head-neck junction

Perineal body

A three-dimensional junction of perineal support tissues

Perineal membrane

Support tissue linking the pubic arch and pelvic outlets

Perinephric space and renal coverings

The renal fascial compartment and its internal planes

Perineum

The region between the pelvic diaphragm and the skin

Peripheral zone of the prostate

The large posterior glandular territory of the prostate

Peritoneum

Continuous serous surface lining walls and covering viscera

Pharyngeal constrictor muscles

Overlapping muscles that propel a swallowed bolus

Pharyngeal tonsil (adenoid)

Adenoid tissue in the roof of the nasopharynx

Pharynx

A muscular passage coordinating breathing and swallowing

Phrenic nerve

Cervical nerve that drives each half of the diaphragm

Pia mater

The meningeal layer closely following neural surfaces

Pineal gland

Epithalamic source of the nightly melatonin signal

Piriform recess

A swallowing channel on either side of the larynx

Piriformis

Hip rotator marking routes through the greater sciatic foramen

Pituitary gland (hypophysis)

Sellar endocrine organ linking brain signals to hormone output

Plantaris

Small calf muscle with a long, variable tendon

Platysma

Thin sheet moving the superficial neck tissues

Pleural cavity

Fluid-lined interval around each lung

Pons

Pontocerebellar connections and cranial nerve circuits

Popliteal artery

Deep arterial supply behind the knee

Popliteal lymph nodes

Lymph nodes accompanying the vessels behind the knee

Popliteus

Deep knee muscle controlling rotation at the start of flexion

Porta hepatis

Hepatic hilum for portal inflow and bile outflow

Portosystemic anastomoses

Communications between portal tributaries and systemic veins

Positions of the appendix

A stable cecal origin with a variable tip

Postcentral gyrus

The cortical representation of somatic sensation

Posterior cerebral artery

Visual, medial temporal and deep posterior brain supply

Posterior communicating artery

An ICA–PCA connection that also supplies perforators

Posterior cricoarytenoid

The muscle that opens each vocal fold

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

A variable route around medulla and cerebellar tonsil

Posterior intercostal arteries

Segmental arteries supplying the posterior chest wall

Posterior interventricular artery (PDA)

The descending artery in the inferior interventricular groove

Posterior tibial artery

Deep calf artery continuing into the sole

Posterior vagal trunk

Right-predominant vagal pathway behind the abdominal esophagus

Pre-aortic lymph nodes

Central nodes associated with the three gut arteries

Precentral gyrus

Cortical output for voluntary movement

Pronator quadratus

Short pronator near the wrist

Pronator teres

Proximal forearm pronator

Proper hepatic artery

Hepatic inflow artery within the hepatoduodenal ligament

Prostate

A gland surrounding the urethra beneath the bladder

Prostatic urethra

The urethral segment receiving reproductive ducts

Prostatic venous plexus

A pelvic venous network around the prostate

Proximal convoluted tubule

A brush-bordered epithelium for bulk recovery

Psoas major

Spine-to-femur muscle contributing to hip flexion

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Parasympathetic output to tears and mucosal glands

Pubococcygeus

Pubic levator fibers with visceral and posterior attachments

Puborectalis

A sling that draws the anorectal junction forward

Pubovesical and puboprostatic ligaments

Fibromuscular supports linking the outlet to the pubis

Pudendal (Alcock's) canal

A fascial route for the pudendal neurovascular bundle

Pudendal nerve

Somatic nerve carrying perineal sensation and sphincter control

Pulmonary arteries

Paired inflow vessels for the lungs

Pulmonary plexus

Nerve connections around the lung roots

Pulmonary trunk

Right ventricular outlet to the pulmonary circulation

Pulmonary valve

The semilunar outlet of the right ventricle

Pulmonary veins

Return pathway from lung capillaries to the left atrium

Purkinje fibers

Specialized muscle cells that distribute ventricular excitation

Putamen

A striatal region involved in movement and learned behavior

Pyloric sphincter

Muscular regulator at the gastric outlet

Pyramidal lobe of the thyroid

Optional superior extension of functioning thyroid tissue

Quadrangular membrane

Fibroelastic support above the vocal folds

Quadratus femoris

Short posterior hip muscle linking ischium and femur

Quadratus lumborum

A muscular connection between pelvis, lumbar spine and rib 12

Radial artery

Thumb-side route from elbow to hand

Radial nerve

Major supply to the posterior arm and forearm

Radius

Forearm bone on the thumb side

Rectal arteries

Overlapping rectal and anal arterial territories

Rectouterine pouch (of Douglas)

A dependent peritoneal recess behind the uterus

Rectovesical pouch

A peritoneal recess between male bladder and rectum

Rectum

A pelvic reservoir with a continuous longitudinal coat

Rectus abdominis

Paired vertical muscles inside the rectus sheath

Rectus femoris

Quadriceps muscle acting at both hip and knee

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Vagal motor and sensory supply returning to the larynx

Renal artery

Aortic inflow to the kidney's segmental territories

Renal calyces

Branching urine-collecting cups in the renal sinus

Renal corpuscle

The glomerular filter and its surrounding capsule

Renal cortex

The glomerulus-containing outer renal tissue

Renal hilum

The medial entrance into the renal sinus

Renal medulla and pyramids

The tubular and vascular core of the concentrating system

Renal papilla

The pyramid tip opening into a minor calyx

Renal pelvis

The upper urinary funnel between calyces and ureter

Renal segmental arteries

Branches defining relatively independent renal territories

Renal vein

Asymmetric venous outflow from the two kidneys

Renal veins

Short right and longer left routes from kidneys to cava

Rete testis

Collecting channels at the back of the testis

Reticular formation

Interconnected brainstem networks for state and bodily control

Retroperitoneum

Posterior extraperitoneal region with communicating tissue planes

Retropubic space

The extraperitoneal plane behind the pubic symphysis

Rhomboid major

Draws the shoulder blade toward the spine

Rhomboid minor

Small retractor at the root of the scapular spine

Right atrium

Receives systemic veins before the right ventricle

Right colic (hepatic) flexure

Colonic turn below the right liver

Right colic artery

Variable arterial route to the ascending colon

Right coronary artery

The coronary vessel following the right atrioventricular groove

Right gastric artery

Small artery approaching the pyloric lesser curvature

Right inferior lobe

Posterior and basal right lung lobe

Right lobe of the liver

Large surface lobe distinct from functional right liver

Right lung

Three-lobed lung beside the right mediastinum

Right lymphatic duct

A variable final lymphatic channel at the right neck base

Right main bronchus

Short main airway entering the right lung

Right marginal (acute marginal) artery

An acute-border branch to the right ventricular wall

Right middle lobe

Anterior right lobe between two fissures

Right superior lobe

Upper right lobe containing the lung apex

Right suprarenal vein

A short adrenal connection usually entering the cava

Right ventricle

Anterior ventricle supplying the lungs

Rima glottidis

The changing opening between the true vocal folds

Root of the lung

Structures connecting a lung to the mediastinum

Round ligament of the uterus

A uterine cord that follows the inguinal canal

Sacral plexus

Lumbosacral fibers gathered on the pelvic surface of piriformis

Sacrum

The spinal component of the posterior pelvic ring

Saphenous nerve

Femoral sensory branch extending along the medial leg

Sartorius

Long diagonal strap across the anterior thigh

Scaphoid

Carpal link on the thumb side of the wrist

Scapula

Mobile platform for the shoulder muscles

Sciatic nerve

Large sacral-plexus nerve containing tibial and fibular divisions

Scrotum

A divided skin pouch that helps cool the testes

Segmental (tertiary) bronchi

Airways defining bronchopulmonary segments

Semimembranosus

Deep medial hamstring with an expanded proximal tendon

Seminal vesicle

A secretory gland between bladder and rectum

Seminiferous tubules

Coiled epithelial tubes where sperm develop

Semitendinosus

Medial hamstring ending in a long tibial tendon

Serous pericardium

Continuous parietal and visceral surfaces around the heart

Serratus anterior

Keeps the shoulder blade against the rib cage

Sertoli cells

The seminiferous support cells and barrier-forming epithelium

Sigmoid arteries

Inferior mesenteric branches spreading through the sigmoid mesocolon

Sigmoid colon

A mobile pelvic loop before the rectum

Sigmoid mesocolon

The vascular attachment of the sigmoid loop

Sigmoid sinus

The curved dural outflow toward the jugular bulb

Sinoatrial nodal artery

A variable coronary route to the sinus-node region

Sinoatrial node

The usual starting point of each heartbeat

Small cardiac vein

A variable right-sided tributary of the cardiac venous system

Small saphenous vein

Superficial venous route up the back of the calf

Soft palate

A mobile valve between oral and nasal passages

Soleus

Deep calf muscle supporting standing and ankle push-off

Spermatic cord

The testicular duct and vessels share an inguinal route

Sphenoid bone

Central skull-base bone with major nerve passages

Sphenoid sinus

A variable sinus close to the central skull base

Sphincter of Oddi

A muscular valve system at the duct outlets

Spinal cord

Central pathway and local processing center within the spine

Spinal nerve

Short nerve trunk joining sensory and motor root fibers

Spinocerebellar tracts

Pathways informing the cerebellum about limb position and spinal activity

Spinothalamic tract

Ascending anterolateral pathway for pain, temperature and coarse touch

Spleen

Blood filtration and immune defence beneath the left ribs

Splenic artery

Usually tortuous artery following the upper pancreatic border

Splenic vein

Posterior pancreatic vein joining the portal confluence

Splenius capitis

Posterior neck muscle turning the head toward its own side

Splenorenal ligament

The peritoneal route into the splenic hilum

Spongy (penile) urethra

The long urethral segment inside corpus spongiosum

Stellate (cervicothoracic) ganglion

A sympathetic ganglion at the neck–thorax junction

Sternocleidomastoid

Surface landmark and head-turning muscle

Sternohyoid

Superficial strap that lowers the hyoid

Sternum

Midline support for the front of the rib cage

Stomach

A muscular reservoir that begins protein digestion

Straight sinus

Deep cerebral venous drainage along the falx–tentorium junction

Styloglossus

Draws the tongue backward and upward

Subarachnoid space

The CSF compartment between arachnoid and pia

Subclavian artery

Supply route beneath the collarbone

Subclavian vein

The upper-limb venous route in front of the anterior scalene

Subclavius

Short stabilizer beneath the clavicle

Subcostal muscles

Variable deep slips that bridge several ribs

Subdural space

A pathological cleavage plane near the dura–arachnoid interface

Sublingual gland

Mucus-rich salivary secretion beneath the tongue

Submandibular ganglion

The facial-nerve relay for two major salivary glands

Submandibular gland

A salivary gland spanning both sides of mylohyoid

Submandibular lymph nodes

Level Ib nodes surrounding the submandibular gland

Submental lymph nodes

Level Ia nodes on the mylohyoid beneath the chin

Subphrenic recesses

Peritoneal spaces beneath the diaphragm

Subscapularis

Anterior cuff muscle for inward rotation

Substantia nigra

Dopaminergic modulation and inhibitory basal-ganglia output

Subthalamic nucleus

A glutamatergic node in basal-ganglia circuits

Superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve

Lateral-leg motor nerve continuing into dorsal foot skin branches

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Subcutaneous groin nodes draining much of the lower body surface

Superficial perineal pouch

Erectile roots and muscles below the perineal membrane

Superior (first) part of the duodenum

The proximal duodenum beside the gastric outlet

Superior and inferior petrosal sinuses

Different routes between parasellar and posterior venous drainage

Superior cerebellar artery (SCA)

Upper cerebellar supply beside the rostral brainstem

Superior cerebral (bridging) veins

Cortical drainage crossing into the superior sagittal system

Superior cervical ganglion

A major sympathetic relay for the head

Superior gemellus

Upper partner of the obturator internus tendon

Superior gluteal nerve

Nerve to gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fasciae latae

Superior laryngeal nerve

Two vagal branches with different laryngeal roles

Superior mesenteric artery

Anterior aortic branch supplying the midgut territory

Superior mesenteric vein

Principal small-bowel and right-colonic venous collector

Superior parathyroid gland

Fourth-pouch endocrine gland usually behind the upper thyroid

Superior sagittal sinus

A major midline venous channel in the attached falx

Superior suprarenal arteries

Small branches approaching the adrenal from above

Superior thyroid artery

Upper thyroid supply arising near the carotid bifurcation

Superior vena cava

The final upper-body venous channel to the right atrium

Supinator

Rotates the radius into supination

Suprapleural membrane

Fascial reinforcement over the cervical pleura

Suprascapular nerve

Nerve linking two posterior rotator-cuff muscles

Supraspinatus

Helps lift the arm and center the shoulder joint

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

The ovarian vascular pedicle from the pelvic wall

Suspensory ligament of the penis

Deep connective attachments at the penopubic junction

Suspensory muscle of the duodenum

A variable support at the duodenojejunal junction

Sympathetic trunk

Linked ganglia extending along both sides of the spine

Talus

Hindfoot bone linking the ankle with the foot below

Temporal bone

Skull-base housing for the ear and facial nerve

Temporal lobe

Auditory, memory and language-related networks

Temporalis

Fan-shaped jaw elevator and retractor

Teniae coli

Longitudinal muscle concentrated into three bands

Tensor fasciae latae

Lateral hip muscle that tensions the iliotibial tract

Tensor veli palatini

Tenses the palate and helps open the auditory tube

Tentorium cerebelli

A dural partition above the cerebellum

Teres major

Pulls the arm inward and backward

Teres minor

Small external rotator within the cuff

Testicular artery

A long gonadal vessel from aorta to spermatic cord

Testicular vein

The abdominal continuation of the pampiniform plexus

Testis

The gonad that produces sperm and androgens

Thalamus

Reciprocal cortical connections for sensation, action and brain state

Third ventricle

The midline ventricular channel between diencephalic structures

Thoracic (descending) aorta

The descending aortic segment behind the heart

Thoracic duct

The main lymphatic return route through the chest

Thoracic splanchnic nerves

Visceral pathways whose fiber type depends on the named group

Thoracodorsal nerve

Posterior-cord route to latissimus dorsi

Thymus

A specialized environment for developing T cells

Thyroarytenoid

Adjusts vocal-fold length, closure and stiffness

Thyroid cartilage

The largest supporting cartilage of the larynx

Thyroid gland

Anterior neck follicles producing thyroid hormones

Thyroid ima artery

Variable pretracheal artery supplying the lower thyroid

Tibia

Main load-bearing bone on the medial side of the leg

Tibial nerve

Main nerve to posterior leg muscles and the plantar foot

Tibialis anterior

Anterior leg muscle lifting and turning the foot inward

Tibialis posterior

Deep leg muscle helping support the medial foot arch

Tongue

Interlacing muscles for taste, food control and speech

Trabeculae carneae

Ventricular ridges and bridges of working muscle

Trachea

Cartilage-supported airway between larynx and bronchi

Tracheobronchial lymph nodes

Mediastinal nodes around the central airway division

Transition zone of the prostate

Glandular tissue beside the proximal prostatic urethra

Transverse colon

A mobile colonic bridge across the abdomen

Transverse mesocolon

The mesentery beneath the stomach and pancreas

Transverse pericardial sinus

A pericardial passage behind the arterial roots

Transverse sinus

Lateral dural drainage along the tentorial attachment

Transversus abdominis

Deep abdominal muscle supporting pressure and stability

Transversus thoracis

Deep muscle slips behind the sternum

Trapezium

Wrist bone supporting the thumb base

Trapezius

Positions the scapula for shoulder movement

Triangle of Koch

Surface landmarks around atrioventricular conduction tissue

Triceps brachii

Main muscle for straightening the elbow

Tricuspid valve

The right atrioventricular valve and its supports

Trigeminal ganglion

Sensory cell bodies for most trigeminal afferents

Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Three sensory divisions with motor output through V3

Trigeminal nuclear complex

Sensory and motor nuclei distributed through the brainstem

Trigone of the bladder

The smooth floor between ureteral and urethral openings

Trochlear nerve (CN IV)

A crossed brainstem motor pathway to superior oblique

Tunica albuginea of the testis

The fibrous capsule and internal framework of the testis

Tunica vaginalis

A serous covering left by the testicular descent pathway

Typical cervical vertebra

Usual neck-vertebra pattern, represented by C3–C6

Typical lumbar vertebra

Large lower-back vertebra adapted for substantial loading

Typical rib

A curved plate that links the spine to the chest wall

Typical thoracic vertebra

Rib-bearing vertebra, best illustrated in the middle thoracic region

Ulna

Forearm bone on the little-finger side

Ulnar artery

Medial forearm supply leading to the superficial palm

Ulnar nerve

Fine hand control and little-finger-side sensation

Ureter

A peristaltic connection from kidney to bladder

Ureteric crossing of the pelvic brim

The ureter's passage over the iliac arterial region

Ureteropelvic junction

The transition from renal funnel to ureter

Ureterovesical junction

An oblique ureteral passage through the bladder wall

Urinary bladder

A compliant pelvic reservoir with coordinated emptying

Uterine (Fallopian) tube

A ciliated muscular route from ovary region to uterus

Uterine artery

A variable pelvic artery ascending beside the uterus

Uterosacral ligament

Posterior connective support for cervix and upper vagina

Uterus

A muscular pelvic organ with cyclic and gestational roles

Vagina

A distensible muscular passage with surrounding fornices

Vagus nerve (CN X)

Mixed cranial pathways extending into chest and abdomen

Vasa recta

Medullary microvessels for exchange and oxygen delivery

Vastus intermedius

Deep quadriceps component against the femur

Vastus lateralis

Large lateral contributor to knee extension

Vastus medialis

Medial quadriceps muscle supporting the extensor system

Vermiform appendix

A lymphoid-rich blind extension of the cecum

Vertebral artery

Cervical arterial passage into the posterior cranial circulation

Vesical venous plexus

Communicating veins around the bladder outlet

Vesicouterine pouch

The anterior pelvic peritoneal reflection

Vestibular folds

Upper laryngeal folds with protective and vocal roles

Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

Auditory and vestibular connections with the brainstem

Virchow's node

Left supraclavicular node associated with distant disease

Visceral pleura

Thin pleural covering attached to the lung

Vocal folds

Layered tissue that vibrates and closes the glottis

Vocalis

Specialized medial muscle within the vocal fold

Vulva

Surface and erectile structures around the genital vestibule

Waldeyer's tonsillar ring

Discontinuous tonsillar tissue around the upper pharynx

Wernicke's area

A historical label within the language network

Zona fasciculata

The broad cortisol-producing cortical layer

Zona glomerulosa

The outer cortex that adjusts mineralocorticoid output

Zona reticularis

The inner cortical network supplying androgen precursors

Zygomatic bone

Cheek prominence and outer orbital support

Zygomaticus major

Raises the mouth corner during a smile

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AnatoMemory exists to support human anatomy coursework and nothing beyond it. It carries no medical advice, and it is not a tool for diagnosis, for treatment, for surgical planning, or for any other clinical decision-making. Your instructors, your dissection materials, current references and licensed professionals come first, every time.