AnatoMemory

Bone

Sternum

Midline support for the front of the rib cage

ThoraxSkeletal system

High-yield

The second costal cartilage meets the sternal angle, making it useful for rib counting. T4–T5 is the conventional vertebral reference for this angle, with normal variation.

Overview

The clavicles and upper costal cartilages meet this flat bone at the front of the chest. Its manubrium, body and xiphoid process form a superior-to-inferior sequence; the ridge between the first two is the sternal angle.

Reference facts

Bone type
Flat bone
Key landmarks
Manubrium; Sternal body; Xiphoid process; Manubriosternal angle; Jugular notch; Clavicular notches
Articulations
Clavicles at the sternoclavicular joints; costal cartilages of ribs 1–7

Clinical correlation

The palpable angle helps orient a chest examination. It is an approximate surface guide: the tracheal split and great vessels do not occupy exactly the same level in every person or respiratory phase.

Frequently asked questions

What type of bone is the sternum?

The sternum is a flat bone bone.

What does the sternum articulate with?

Clavicles at the sternoclavicular joints; costal cartilages of ribs 1–7.

What are the key landmarks of the sternum?

Manubrium; Sternal body; Xiphoid process; Manubriosternal angle; Jugular notch; Clavicular notches.