AnatomyDeck

Muscle

Subscapularis

Rotator cuff — medial rotation

Upper limbMuscular system

High-yield

Only rotator cuff muscle that medially rotates and inserts on the LESSER tubercle; upper and lower subscapular nerves.

Overview

The only anterior rotator cuff muscle, occupying the subscapular fossa. It medially rotates the arm and prevents anterior dislocation.

Reference facts

  • Origin

    Subscapular fossa (anterior surface of the scapula)

  • Insertion

    Lesser tubercle of the humerus

  • Action

    Medially rotates and adducts the arm; stabilises the glenohumeral joint

  • Innervation

    Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

  • Blood supply

    Subscapular artery

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