Muscle
Subscapularis
Rotator cuff — medial rotation
High-yield
Only rotator cuff muscle that medially rotates and inserts on the LESSER tubercle; upper and lower subscapular nerves.
Overview
The only anterior rotator cuff muscle, occupying the subscapular fossa. It medially rotates the arm and prevents anterior dislocation.
Reference facts
- Origin
Subscapular fossa (anterior surface of the scapula)
- Insertion
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
- Action
Medially rotates and adducts the arm; stabilises the glenohumeral joint
- Innervation
Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)
- Blood supply
Subscapular artery