Every abdominal structure on one sheet - the walls, the gut and its glands, the aortic branches and portal drainage, each type in its own table.
Abdomen Sheet
165 rows · AnatoMemory · sample of the first 3 rows of each section (21 of 165)
Muscles
Muscles - Abdomen Sheet. Every abdominal structure on one sheet - the walls, the gut and its glands, the aortic branches and portal drainage, each type in its own table.
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Action
Innervation
Blood supply
Crura of the diaphragm
Usually the bodies and discs of L1–L3 on the right and L1–L2 on the left; the attachment extent varies.
Muscular fibers ascend into the diaphragm toward its central tendon, with crural fibers surrounding the esophageal hiatus.
Assist inspiratory expansion and provide an external muscular contribution to closure around the distal esophagus.
Motor supply arrives through the phrenic nerves, principally C3–C5.
Inferior phrenic branches contribute prominently to the crural region, within the diaphragm's wider arterial network.
External oblique
Ribs 5–12, on their outer surfaces.
The aponeurosis reaches the linea alba and pubic tubercle; muscular attachment also extends along the anterior iliac crest.
Both sides compress the abdominal contents and assist trunk flexion; one side contributes to rotation away from that side.
Thoracoabdominal nerves T7–T11 and the subcostal nerve, T12.
Segmental branches include lower posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries.
Internal oblique
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and the lateral portion of the inguinal ligament.
Fibers reach ribs 10–12 and the linea alba; inferior aponeurotic fibers attach near the pubis.
Supports and compresses the abdominal contents; assists trunk flexion and same-side rotation.
Lower thoracoabdominal nerves, subcostal nerve and L1 branches, including iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves.
Lower intercostal and deep circumflex iliac arterial branches contribute to its supply.
Nerves
Nerves - Abdomen Sheet. Every abdominal structure on one sheet - the walls, the gut and its glands, the aortic branches and portal drainage, each type in its own table.
Nerve
Root value
Course
Motor
Sensory
Anterior vagal trunk
Cranial nerve X; it does not arise from a spinal ventral ramus.
Accompanies the esophagus through the diaphragm, usually near T10, then distributes anterior gastric and hepatic branches.
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers influence enteric circuits governing gastric movement and secretion.
Carries visceral sensory information used in reflexes, including responses to distension; conscious visceral pain usually follows spinal pathways.
Celiac ganglion
Greater-splanchnic input commonly arises from T5–T9; this is a typical contribution, not the full range of all plexus inputs.
Ganglia lie near T12–L1, anterior to the diaphragmatic crura and beside the celiac origin.
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers influence vascular tone and visceral activity in celiac-artery territories.
Visceral afferent fibers pass through the region; foregut pain commonly has an epigastric distribution.
Celiac plexus
Sympathetic inputs span lower thoracic segments, commonly summarized as T5–T12; parasympathetic input comes through cranial nerve X.
Situated near the celiac origin at approximately T12–L1, with connections toward the superior mesenteric and other prevertebral plexuses.
Distributes autonomic fibers along arteries to regulate visceral smooth muscle, glands and vascular tone.
Carries visceral afferents from upper-abdominal organs, including fibers involved in referred foregut pain.
Vessels
Vessels - Abdomen Sheet. Every abdominal structure on one sheet - the walls, the gut and its glands, the aortic branches and portal drainage, each type in its own table.
Vessel
Origin
Course
Branches
Supplies
Drains to
Abdominal aorta
Continues from the descending thoracic aorta through the aortic hiatus near T12.
Runs anterior to the lumbar vertebrae and left of the inferior vena cava in the retroperitoneum.
Gives celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric trunks; renal, gonadal and suprarenal branches; lumbar arteries and median sacral artery. Inferior phrenic origins vary.
Distributes blood to abdominal organs and walls, with terminal branches continuing to the pelvis and lower limbs.
This is an artery, not a draining vein; it ends by branching into the common iliac arteries.
Afferent arteriole
Usually arises from a cortical radiate, or interlobular, artery.
Approaches the corpuscle's vascular pole and divides into the glomerular capillary network.
Forms glomerular capillary loops; renin-containing granular cells concentrate near its glomerular end.
Delivers blood to the filtration bed, where water and small solutes enter capsular space across a selective barrier.
Glomerular blood leaves through an efferent arteriole before entering downstream capillary beds.
Celiac trunk 1
Usually the anterior abdominal aorta near T12–L1.
A short anterior trunk beneath the diaphragm; the order and pattern of division vary.
Typically left gastric, splenic and common hepatic arteries.
Supplies abdominal esophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, gallbladder, much of the pancreas and spleen through its branches.
not recorded
Organs
Organs - Abdomen Sheet. Every abdominal structure on one sheet - the walls, the gut and its glands, the aortic branches and portal drainage, each type in its own table.
Organ
Location
Parts
Relations
Blood supply
Innervation
Venous/Lymphatic drainage
Function
Abdominal part of the ureter
Retroperitoneal, from the ureteropelvic junction usually near L1–L2 along anterior psoas to the pelvic brim.
Lumbar and iliac portions precede entry into the pelvis across the iliac-vessel region.
Right-sided anterior relations include duodenum, ileocolic/right colic vessels and mesenteric root. Left-sided relations include left colic vessels and sigmoid mesocolon. Gonadal vessels cross both.
Renal, gonadal, aortic and iliac branches feed a longitudinal adventitial network; abdominal branches generally approach medially, with variation.
Autonomic fibers arrive through renal and aortic plexuses; pain afferents commonly reach T11–L2.
Small veins follow arterial routes; upper and middle ureteral lymph reaches lumbar and iliac nodes.
Smooth-muscle peristalsis propels urine toward the bladder without relying on gravity alone.
Accessory pancreatic duct 3
Within the pancreatic head, extending toward the minor papilla in the descending duodenum.
Residual proximal dorsal pancreatic duct; its communication with the main duct and patency of the minor outlet vary.
Usually approaches the duodenum superior to the terminal main pancreatic duct.
Shares the pancreatic head's superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arterial network.
Autonomic fibers reach the pancreatic region through celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses, including vagal parasympathetic input.
not recorded
When open, conveys pancreatic secretion to the minor papilla; in divisum the dorsal route usually carries the dominant drainage.
Ascending (fourth) part of the duodenum
Rises left of the aorta from the horizontal duodenum toward the L2 region.
The terminal duodenal segment and its bend into the jejunum are supported at the duodenojejunal flexure.
Close to the left psoas and renal vessels posteriorly; the pancreatic body and transverse mesocolon are superior, and the inferior mesenteric vein lies near the left side of the flexure.
Branches of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal and proximal jejunal arteries provide superior mesenteric inflow.
Autonomic fibers travel in superior mesenteric plexus branches; parasympathetic input is vagal.
Venous return reaches the superior mesenteric system; lymph passes through regional nodes toward superior mesenteric nodes.
Transfers duodenal contents into the jejunum as digestion and absorption continue.
Glands
Glands - Abdomen Sheet. Every abdominal structure on one sheet - the walls, the gut and its glands, the aortic branches and portal drainage, each type in its own table.
Gland
Location
Hormones
Blood supply
Innervation
Function
Adrenal (suprarenal) gland
Retroperitoneal near the upper renal poles; right gland relates to cava and liver, while left gland lies behind the stomach/lesser-sac region and near the pancreas.
Cortical steroids include aldosterone, cortisol and androgen precursors; medullary chromaffin cells release epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Superior branches usually arise from inferior phrenic arteries, middle branches from aorta and inferior branches from renal arteries, with common variations.
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers reach medullary chromaffin cells through splanchnic and celiac-region pathways; cortical regulation is predominantly hormonal.
Regulates electrolyte and volume balance, metabolism and stress adaptation, with rapid circulating catecholamine responses.
Adrenal cortex
Beneath the adrenal capsule, surrounding the medulla and making up the larger portion of the adult gland.
Glomerulosa chiefly produces aldosterone, fasciculata cortisol, and reticularis DHEA/DHEAS and related androgen precursors.
Capsular vessels feed cortical sinusoids that carry blood inward, exposing the medulla to cortical steroid-rich blood.
Neural input affects vascular and local regulation, but secretion is chiefly governed by ACTH, angiotensin II and potassium according to zone.
Maintains electrolyte balance and vascular responsiveness and contributes to metabolic, inflammatory and androgen regulation.
Adrenal medulla
Forms the inner adrenal region, with some intermingling of cortical and chromaffin cells at the interface.
Releases predominantly epinephrine and norepinephrine; their proportions vary with physiological state and cell composition.
Receives direct medullary arterioles and cortical sinusoidal blood. High local glucocorticoid exposure supports PNMT expression and epinephrine synthesis.
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers reach chromaffin cells through thoracic splanchnic and celiac-region pathways and release acetylcholine.
Provides circulating catecholamines that rapidly influence cardiovascular activity, fuel availability and stress responses.
Ligaments
Ligaments - Abdomen Sheet. Every abdominal structure on one sheet - the walls, the gut and its glands, the aortic branches and portal drainage, each type in its own table.
Ligament
Attachments
Function
Clinical point
Coronary and triangular ligaments
Coronary layers reflect between diaphragm and posterior/superior liver; the right triangular ligament joins their lateral margins, and the left triangular reflection attaches the lateral left lobe to the diaphragm.
Help stabilize the liver relative to the diaphragm while permitting respiratory movement; fixation is also supported by the caval and other attachments.
These folds define planes relevant to liver mobilization and nearby hiatal exposure. Their continuity helps explain why posterior hepatic attachments relate to extraperitoneal tissue.
Falciform ligament
Reflects from the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm onto the anterior/superior liver; its inferior margin extends toward the umbilicus and its upper layers continue into adjacent hepatic reflections.
Provides a peritoneal attachment and surface landmark while partly separating the subphrenic peritoneal spaces.
Paraumbilical venous channels in this region may enlarge in portal hypertension. They should not all be described as a reopened single fetal umbilical vein, and the fold does not seal the recesses into completely isolated cavities.
Gastrosplenic ligament
Extends from the fundal/upper greater-curvature region to the hilum of the spleen.
Links the stomach and spleen while carrying short gastric and left gastro-omental vessels with accompanying lymphatics.
These vessels matter during mobilization of the stomach or spleen. The short gastric venous route can become a collateral pathway when splenic venous outflow is obstructed, producing gastric varices.
Spaces
Spaces - Abdomen Sheet. Every abdominal structure on one sheet - the walls, the gut and its glands, the aortic branches and portal drainage, each type in its own table.
Space
Boundaries
Contents
Communications
Bare area of the liver
Coronary peritoneal reflections bound the region superiorly and inferiorly; they converge laterally at the right triangular ligament, with the caval region medially.
Connective tissue, small vessels and lymphatic channels occupy the liver–diaphragm interface; there is no intervening normal peritoneal cavity.
Continuous with neighboring retroperitoneal connective tissue, including the right suprarenal region; peritoneal recesses lie alongside its reflected margins.
Calot's triangle
Hepatocystic definition: common hepatic duct medially, cystic duct inferolaterally and inferior liver surface superiorly. Historical definition substitutes the cystic artery for the liver boundary.
Cystic artery and lymph node, lymphatics, fat and connective tissue; hepatic arterial or ductal variants may traverse the area.
Situated beside the gallbladder neck and upper extrahepatic biliary tract, adjacent to the hepatoduodenal ligament and liver hilum.
Epiploic foramen
Anterior: hepatoduodenal ligament and portal triad. Posterior: peritoneum over the inferior vena cava. Superior: caudate liver. Inferior: superior duodenum.
A passage within the potential peritoneal cavity, normally containing only the thin fluid layer that lubricates its surfaces.
Connects the greater sac on the right with the vestibule of the lesser sac.
Built from the abdomen records of the AnatoMemory reference library.
No "Drains to" value is recorded for this structure in the reference data.
No "Supplies" value is recorded for this structure in the reference data.
No "Venous/Lymphatic drainage" value is recorded for this structure in the reference data.
No "Relations" value is recorded for this structure in the reference data.
No "Innervation" value is recorded for this structure in the reference data.
No "Blood supply" value is recorded for this structure in the reference data.
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